{"id":13789,"date":"2022-05-23T20:37:48","date_gmt":"2022-05-24T01:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/?p=13789"},"modified":"2022-05-23T20:37:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-24T01:37:48","slug":"the-international-court-of-justice-rules-on-ukraine-russia-conflict","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/2022\/05\/23\/the-international-court-of-justice-rules-on-ukraine-russia-conflict\/","title":{"rendered":"The International Court of Justice Rules on Ukraine\/Russia Conflict"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-1024x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13790\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-800x531.jpg 800w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford-580x385.jpg 580w, https:\/\/sites.law.duq.edu\/juris\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Clifford.jpg 1958w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Ph<em>oto courtesy of unsplash.com<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">By Chloe Clifford, Staff Writer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion into Ukraine.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;The President of the Russian Federation stated that \u201chorror and genocide\u201d being suffered by Donbas communities by the Ukrainian government was the reason to \u201ctake a long overdue decision and to immediately recognize the independence and sovereignty of the Donetsk People\u2019s Republic and the Luhansk People\u2019s Republic.\u201d<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Given their claim that Ukraine is committing acts of genocide, Russia believes that their military actions in Ukraine are justified under the Geneva Convention.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ukraine has decided to use the legal system in an attempt to stop Russia\u2019s invasion.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;On February 26, 2022, Ukraine filed an Application Instituting Proceedings in the International Court of Justice.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;In their filing, Ukraine emphatically denied all allegations of genocide, going so far as to cite a recent OHCHR (the UN Human Rights Investigative Office) report which found no evidence of human rights violations occurring in Ukraine.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Ukraine further described the harm suffered by Ukrainians as the result of Russia\u2019s invasion, accusing Russia of attempting to commit acts of genocide against Ukraine.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Ukraine urged the court to hold proceedings as the earliest possible opportunity and to issue rulings in favor of&nbsp;&nbsp;Ukraine on the&nbsp;&nbsp;six reliefs sought.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Ukraine\u2019s reliefs sought include the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>a declaration that no acts of genocide have been committed in Ukraine&nbsp;<\/li><li>a declaration that Russia has no right to take a military action against Ukraine under the Geneva Convention<\/li><li>a declaration that Russia\u2019s recognition of the independence of Donetsk and Luhansk from Ukraine has no basis under the Geneva Convention<\/li><li>a declaration that Russia\u2019s \u201cmilitary operation\u201d was based on false claims of genocide and thus has no basis<\/li><li>&nbsp;an order requiring the Russian Federation to provide assurances of non-repetition, that it will not take any unlawful measures in or against Ukraine on the basis of the&nbsp;&nbsp;false genocide claims<\/li><li>an order requiring Russia to pay full reparation for all damages caused as the result of Russia\u2019s military actions.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The International Court of Justice held a hearing devoted to Ukraine&#8217;s request for provisional measures on Monday, March 7, 2022.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;The Russian Federation declined the International Court of Justice\u2019s invitation to participate in the hearings.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;The Russian Federation stated that their reasons for not participating included them not having enough time to formulate a response, the Court not being competent, and the Court lacking jurisdiction.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;They further explained that they did not believe that the mention of \u201cgenocide\u201d invoked the Geneva Convention and thus they were not acting under the Convention or bound by it.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The International Court of Justice issued its Order on the Request for the indication of provisional measures submitted by Ukraine on March 16, 2022.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;The Court issued its order with 13-2 votes ordering Russia to do the following actions: (1) immediately suspend its military operation in Ukraine and (2) ensure that no military, armed units, organization or person&#8217;s who are subject to Russia\u2019s direction take any further actions in the military operation.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Further, they unanimously voted to order both Parties to refrain from any action that would escalate the dispute or make the resolution of the dispute more difficult.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This decision is binding under the United Nations, and if Russia chooses to disobey the order it could further isolate them.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Since the United Nations does not have a police force, it would be difficult to force their compliance with the order.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;While Russia cannot be forced to comply with the order, it\u2019s disregard for international law will cause Russia reputational harm and legitimize Ukraine as a state who is trying to settle the conflict peacefully and through appropriate legal channels.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftn19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/global-conflict-tracker\/conflict\/conflict-ukraine<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/public\/files\/case-related\/182\/182-20220227-APP-01-00-EN.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/public\/files\/case-related\/182\/182-20220301-PRE-01-00-EN.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/public\/files\/case-related\/182\/182-20220307-OTH-01-00-EN.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/public\/files\/case-related\/182\/182-20220316-ORD-01-00-EN.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;Id.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.cengnews.com\/news\/the-international-court-of-justice-has-ordered-russia-to-stop-operating-in-ukraine-331326.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/news.westernu.ca\/2022\/03\/expert-insights-can-the-international-court-of-justice-stop-russias-invasion-of-ukraine\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/48AA97F8-BF7D-442D-B95F-1B4C2BAC87AB#_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a>&nbsp;https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2022\/mar\/16\/un-international-court-of-justice-orders-russia-to-halt-invasion-of-ukraine<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Chloe Clifford, Staff Writer On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion into Ukraine.[1]&nbsp;The President of the Russian Federation stated that \u201chorror and genocide\u201d being suffered by Donbas communities by the Ukrainian government was the reason to \u201ctake a long overdue decision and to immediately recognize the [\u2026] <\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"more_link clearfix\" 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